Text normalization (TN) converts text from written form into its verbalized form, and it is an essential preprocessing step before text-to-speech (TTS). TN ensures that TTS can handle all input texts without skipping unknown symbols. For example, ��$123�� is converted to ��one hundred and twenty-three dollars.�� Inverse text normalization (ITN) is a part of the automatic speech recognition (ASR)��
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